The QuranA Revelation Timeline

اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ

“Read in the name of your Lord who created.”

يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ • قُمْ فَأَنذِرْ

“O you who covers himself [with a garment], Arise and warn.”

يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُزَّمِّلُ • قُمِ اللَّيْلَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا

“O you who wraps himself [in clothing], Arise [to pray] the night, except for a little.”

ن ۚ وَالْقَلَمِ وَمَا يَسْطُرُونَ

“Nun. By the pen and what they write.”

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ

“[All] praise is [due] to Allah, Lord of the worlds.”

تَبَّتْ يَدَا أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ

“May the hands of Abu Lahab be ruined, and ruined is he.”

إِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَتْ

“When the sun is wrapped up [in darkness].”

أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ

“Have you not considered how your Lord dealt with the companions of the elephant?”

سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَى

“Exalt the name of your Lord, the Most High.”

وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰ

“By the night when it covers.”

وَالْفَجْرِ • وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ

“By the dawn. And [by] ten nights.”

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ

“Say, 'He is Allah, [who is] One.'”

عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ • أَن جَاءَهُ الْأَعْمَىٰ

“The Prophet frowned and turned away, because there came to him the blind man.”

وَٱلضُّحَىٰ • وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَىٰ

“By the morning brightness. And [by] the night when it covers with darkness.”

أَلَمْ نَشْرَحْ لَكَ صَدْرَكَ

“Did We not expand for you, [O Muhammad], your breast?”

أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنسَانُ أَلَّن نَّجْمَعَ عِظَامَهُ • بَلَىٰ قَادِرِينَ عَلَىٰ أَن نُّسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ

“Does man think that We will not assemble his bones? Yes. [We are] Able [even] to proportion his fingertips.”

وَالْعَصْرِ • إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ

“By time. Indeed, mankind is in loss.”

وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا

“By the racers, panting.”

إِنَّا أَعْطَيْنَاكَ الْكَوْثَرَ

“Indeed, We have granted you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar.”

أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ

“Competition in [worldly] increase diverts you.”

أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ

“Have you seen the one who denies the Recompense?”

كهيعص • ذِكْرُ رَحْمَتِ رَبِّكَ عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيَّا

“Kaf, Ha, Ya, 'Ayn, Sad. [This is] a mention of the mercy of your Lord to His servant Zechariah.”

أَمْ حَسِبْتَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ الْكَهْفِ وَالرَّقِيمِ كَانُوا مِنْ آيَاتِنَا عَجَبًا

“Or have you thought that the companions of the cave and the inscription were, among Our signs, a wonder?”

الم • غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ

“Alif, Lam, Meem. The Byzantines have been defeated.”

طه • مَا أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَىٰ

“Ta, Ha. We have not sent down to you the Qur'an that you be distressed.”

وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْلَا نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرْآنُ جُمْلَةً وَاحِدَةً ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ لِنُثَبِّتَ بِهِ فُؤَادَكَ

“And those who disbelieve say, 'Why was the Qur'an not revealed to him all at once?' Thus [it is] that We may strengthen thereby your heart...”

قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ

“Say, 'O disbelievers...'”

وَضَرَبَ لَنَا مَثَلًا وَنَسِيَ خَلْقَهُ ۖ قَالَ مَن يُحْيِي الْعِظَامَ وَهِيَ رَمِيمٌ

“And he presents for Us an example and forgets his [own] creation. He says, 'Who will give life to bones while they are disintegrated?'”

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِ

“Say, 'I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak.'”

سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي أَسْرَىٰ بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا مِّنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْأَقْصَى

“Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa...”

وَلِلَّهِ الْمَشْرِقُ وَالْمَغْرِبُ ۚ فَأَيْنَمَا تُوَلُّوا فَثَمَّ وَجْهُ اللَّهِ

“And to Allah belongs the east and the west. So wherever you [might] turn, there is the Face of Allah.”

أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا ۚ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِيرٌ

“Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give them victory.”

وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ ۖ أُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ إِذَا دَعَانِ

“And when My servants ask you, [O Muhammad], concerning Me - indeed I am near. I respond to the invocation of the supplicant when he calls upon Me.”

يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ ۖ قُلْ فِيهِمَا إِثْمٌ كَبِيرٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ

“They ask you about wine and gambling. Say, 'In them is great sin and [yet, some] benefit for people.'”

قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا

“We have certainly seen the turning of your face, [O Muhammad], toward the heaven, and We will surely turn you to a qiblah with which you will be pleased.”

شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ هُدًى لِّلنَّاسِ

“The month of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for the people...”

يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنفَالِ ۖ قُلِ الْأَنفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ

“They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the bounties [of war]. Say, 'The [decision concerning] bounties is for Allah and the Messenger.'”

مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَىٰ حَتَّىٰ يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا

“It is not for a prophet to have captives [of war] until he inflicts a massacre [upon Allah's enemies] in the land. You desire the commodities of this world...”

وَآتُوا الْيَتَامَىٰ أَمْوَالَهُمْ

“And give to the orphans their properties...”

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَقْرَبُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنتُمْ سُكَارَىٰ حَتَّىٰ تَعْلَمُوا مَا تَقُولُونَ

“O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying...”

فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ لِنتَ لَهُمْ ۖ وَلَوْ كُنتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ الْقَلْبِ لَانفَضُّوا مِنْ حَوْلِكَ

“So by mercy from Allah, [O Muhammad], you were lenient with them. And if you had been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you.”

وَلَا تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَمْوَاتًا ۚ بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ يُرْزَقُونَ

“And never think of those who have been killed in the cause of Allah as dead. Rather, they are alive with their Lord, receiving provision.”

هُوَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مِن دِيَارِهِمْ لِأَوَّلِ الْحَشْرِ

“It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture from their homes at the first gathering...”

لَا إِكْرَاهَ فِي الدِّينِ ۖ قَد تَّبَيَّنَ الرُّشْدُ مِنَ الْغَيِّ

“There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion. The right course has become clear from the wrong.”

إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا أَرَاكَ اللَّهُ ۚ وَلَا تَكُن لِّلْخَائِنِينَ خَصِيمًا

“Indeed, We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth so you may judge between the people by that which Allah has shown you. And do not be for the deceitful an advocate.”

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ جَاءَتْكُمْ جُنُودٌ فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا وَجُنُودًا لَّمْ تَرَوْهَا

“O you who have believed, remember the favor of Allah upon you when armies came to [attack] you and We sent upon them a wind and armies [of angels] you did not see.”

يَقُولُونَ لَئِن رَّجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ

“They say, 'If we return to al-Madinah, the more honored [for power] will surely expel therefrom the more humble.'...”

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوا بِالْإِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِّنكُمْ

“Indeed, those who came with falsehood are a group among you...”

وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَن يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَىٰ... وَلْيَعْفُوا وَلْيَصْفَحُوا ۗ أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَن يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ

“And let not those of virtue among you and wealth swear not to give [aid] to their relatives... and let them pardon and overlook. Would you not like that Allah should forgive you?”

قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا

“Certainly has Allah heard the statement of the one who argues with you concerning her husband...”

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ

“O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it...”

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلَّا أَن يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَىٰ طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ

“O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness...”

إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُّبِينًا

“Indeed, We have given you, [O Muhammad], a clear conquest...”

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ ۖ تَبْتَغِي مَرْضَاتَ أَزْوَاجِكَ

“O Prophet, why do you prohibit [yourself from] what Allah has made lawful for you, seeking the approval of your wives?”

إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِن شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ ۖ فَمَنْ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ أَوِ اعْتَمَرَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ أَن يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا

“Indeed, as-Safa and al-Marwah are among the symbols of Allah. So whoever makes Hajj to the House or performs 'Umrah - there is no blame upon him for walking between them.”

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِم بِالْمَوَدَّةِ

“O you who have believed, do not take My enemies and your enemies as allies, extending to them affection...”

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ

“O you who have believed, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet...”

وَعَلَى الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ

“And [He also forgave] the three who were left behind [and regretted their error] to the point that the earth closed in on them in spite of its vastness...”

إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ

“When the victory of Allah has come and the conquest,”

الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ الرِّبَا لَا يَقُومُونَ إِلَّا كَمَا يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنَ الْمَسِّ

“Those who consume interest cannot stand [on the Day of Resurrection] except as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity...”

الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا

“This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion.”